{"schemaVersion":2,"id":"tlg1799.tlg009.local001","url":"https://thegreeklibrary.org/works/tlg1799.tlg009.local001/","urn":"urn:cts:greekLit:tlg1799.tlg009.local001","title":"Optica","titleGreek":null,"alternateTitles":[],"author":"Euclid","authorityName":"EUCLIDES Geom.","authorUrl":"https://thegreeklibrary.org/authors/tlg1799-euclides-geom/","authorityUrl":"https://thegreeklibrary.org/authors/tlg1799-euclides-geom/","editors":["Johan Ludvig Heiberg","Heinrich Menge"],"publication":{"digitalPublisher":"Harvard College Library","sourceTitle":"Euclidis Opera Omnia","edition":null,"publisher":"Teubner","place":"Leipzig","date":"1895","volume":"7","series":null,"citation":null,"citationShort":null},"rights":{"text":"Available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"provenance":{"authority":"Harvard College Library","sponsors":["Harvard College Library"],"funders":["Harvard Library Arcadia Fund"],"principal":"Gregory Crane","responsibilities":[{"role":"Corrected and encoded the text","names":[]},{"role":"Editor-in-Chief, Perseus Digital Library","names":[]},{"role":"Project Manager (University of Leipzig)","names":[]},{"role":"Project Assistant (University of Leipzig) 2015 - 2017","names":[]},{"role":"Lead Developer (University of Leipzig)","names":[]},{"role":"Technical Advisor","names":[]}]},"corpus":{"version":"2.2.0","date":"2026-08-29"},"revisionDate":"2026-08-15","sourceUrl":"https://archive.org/details/euclidisoperaomn07eucluoft/page/n61/mode/2up","sourceLinkType":null,"sourceRights":null,"citation":"Euclid. Optica. ed. Johan Ludvig Heiberg, Heinrich Menge. Euclidis Opera Omnia, Leipzig, Teubner, 1895. urn:cts:greekLit:tlg1799.tlg009.local001","excerpt":"1. Ὑποκείσθω τὰς ἀπὸ τοῦ ὄμματος ἐξαγομένας εὐθείας γραμμὰς φέρεσθαι διάστημα μεγεθῶν μεγάλων. 2. καὶ τὸ μὲν ὑπὸ τῶν ὄψεων περιεχόμενον σχῆμα εἶναι κῶνον τὴν κορυφὴν μὲν ἔχοντα ἐν τῷ ὄμματι τὴν δὲ βάσιν πρὸς τοῖς πέρασι τῶν ὁρωμένων. 3. καὶ ὁρᾶσθαι μὲν ταῦτα, πρὸς ἃ ἂν αἱ ὄψεις προσπίπτωσι, μὴ ὁρᾶσθαι δέ, πρὸς ἃ ἂν μὴ προσπίπτωσιν αἱ ὄψεις. 4. καὶ τὰ μὲν ὑπὸ μείζονος γωνίας ὁρώμενα μείζονα φαίνεσθαι, τὰ δὲ ὑπὸ ἐλάττονος ἐλάττονα, ἴσα δὲ τὰ ὑπὸ ἴσων γωνιῶν ὁρώμενα. 5. καὶ τὰ μὲν ὑπὸ μετεωροτέρων ἀκτίνων ὁρώμενα μετεωρότερα φαίνεσθαι, τὰ δὲ ὑπὸ ταπεινοτέρων ταπεινότερα. 6. καὶ ὁμοίως τὰ μὲν ὑπὸ δεξιωτέρων ἀκτίνων ὁρώμενα δεξιώτερα φαίνεσθαι, τὰ δὲ ὑπὸ ἀριστερωτέρων ἀριστερώτερα. 7. τὰ δὲ ὑπὸ πλειόνων γωνιῶν ὁρώμενα ἀκριβέστερον 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